Unit 8 Review

When blood sugar levels are below normal, the pancreas responds by producing
1. calcitonin
2. insulin
3. glucagon
4. parathyroid hormone
When blood sugar levels are above normal, the pancreas responds by producing
1. calcitonin
2. insulin
3. glucagon
4. parathyroid hormone
Hormones produced in the pancreas include
1. calcitonin
2. insulin
3. glucagon
4. parathyroid hormone
Which of the following WOULD NOT be a homeostatic response to an elevated level of calcium in the blood?
1. secretion of calcitonin
2. secretion of parathyroid hormone
3. release of stored calcium from bone tissue
4. decreased absorption of calcium in the intestine
5. reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys
The homeostatic control of blood sugar by insulin and glucagon is an example of
1. a reflex arc
2. a negative feedback loop
3. a positive feedback loop
4. a combustion reaction
The primary storage site for calcium in the body is
1. the kidney
2. the liver
3. bone tissue
4. the thyroid gland
The Central Nervous system is composed of
1. the sympathetic and parasympathetic
2. the brain and spinal cord
3. motor nerves and sensory nerves
4. the autonomic nerves
In the image above, you see a common technique used in a physical examination which is intended to measure a patient's
1. central nervous system
2. reflex arc
3. muscle strength
4. vision
In this diagram of a reflex arc, the label "A" identifies
1. a sensory neuron
2. a motor neuron
3. an interneuron
4. the brain
In this diagram of a reflex arc, the label "B" identifies
1. a sensory neuron
2. a motor neuron
3. an interneuron
4. the brain
In this diagram of a reflex arc, the label "C" identifies
1. a sensory neuron
2. a motor neuron
3. an interneuron
4. the brain
In the diagram above, the synaptic cleft is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the neurotransmittes are labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the axon terminal is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the region of the brain responsible for memory, speech, creative thought and sensory processing is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the region of the brain responsible for balance and coordinating muscle movement is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the region of the brain responsible for regulating breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and digestion is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the spinal cord is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the medulla oblongata is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the cerebrum is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
In the diagram above, the cerebellum is labeled
1. W
2. X
3. Y
4. Z
Labels on the nerve cell above include
1. Dendrites (1), Cell body (2), Nucleus (3), Axon (4)
2. Cell body (1), Nucleus (2), Axon (3), Dendrites (4)
3. Nucleus (1), Axon (2), Dendrites (3), Cell body (4)
4. Axon (1), Nucleus (2), Dendrites (3), Cell body (4)
The advantage of a reflex arc in responding to a painful stimulus is that it saves reaction time by bypassing the
1. sensory nerves
2. brain
3. motor nerves
4. spinal cord
Which of the following would be physiologic changes brought on by the "Fight or Flight" response?
1. increased heart rate
2. increased blood flow to the stomach and intestines
3. increased production of saliva
4. increased breathing rate
5. dilation of the pupils
6. increased blood flow to skeletal muscles
Involuntary muscle contraction, such as those in the pupil of the eye, digestive tract, and diaphragm are the responsibility of the
1. cerebrum
2. cerebellum
3. medulla oblongata
4. spinal cord
The right atrium is labeled
The left atrium is labeled
The right ventricle is labeled
The left ventricle is labeled
The aorta is the largest artery in the body, It is labeled
Veins carry blood back to the heart. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs. They are labeled
One of the ventricles pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs. That ventricle is labeled
One of the ventricles pumps oxygenated blood to the body. That ventricle is labeled
Arteries carry blood away from the heart. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. A pulmonary artery is labeled
The descending vena cava is a major vein that returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from the upper part of the body. In this diagram, it is labeled
Which of the following is correct?
1. The right ventricle pumps oxygenated blood, and the left ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood
2. The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood, and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood
3. The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood, and the left ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood
4. The right ventricle pumps oxygenated blood, and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood
Hemoglobin is an oxygen carrying molecule found in
1. red blood cells
2. white blood cells
3. plasma
4. lung tissue
Foreign bacteria, pollen grains and viruses can all elicit an immune response in humans. They must all contain
1. DNA
2. antibodies
3. antigens
4. cell membranes
Which of the following is not a component of blood plasma?
1. water
2. salts
3. red blood cells
4. proteins
A disease that has been eradicated as a result of world-wide vaccination is
1. measles
2. mumps
3. chicken pox
4. small pox
5. tuberculosis
Antibodies, like the structure above, are molecules composed of
1. carbohydrates
2. fats
3. proteins
4. simple sugars
Which of the following methods results in active acquired immunity?
1. injection of antibodies
2. vaccination
3. exposure to a pathogen
4. delivery of maternal antibodies through the umbilical cord
When carbon dioxide dissolves in the blood, it causes the blood to become more
1. acidic
2. basic
3. oxygenated
4. disease resistant
Which of the following methods results in passive acquired immunity?
1. injection of antibodies
2. vaccination
3. exposure to a pathogen
4. delivery of maternal antibodies through the umbilical cord
The structure shown above is found in the
1. lungs
2. liver
3. kidneys
4. thymus
The smallest blood vessels in the body are the
1. arteries
2. arterioles
3. veins
4. venules
5. capillaries
Gas 1 enters the blood faster than it leaves the blood. It is
1. nitrogen
2. oxygen
3. carbon dioxide
4. helium
Gas 2 leaves the blood faster than it enters the blood. It is
1. nitrogen
2. oxygen
3. carbon dioxide
4. helium
An artery is labeled
An arteriole is labeled
A venule is labeled
A vein is labeled
Immune B-cells are manufactured in the _____________ and T-cells are manufactured in the ________________.
1. bone / thyroid
2. bone / thymus
3. brain / thyroid
4. blood / bone
The blood vessel in which the gases are being exchanged above is
1. a vein
2. an artery
3. an arteriole
4. a venule
5. a capillary
The drastic decrease in childhood mortality that took place in the United States during the 20th century was primarily due to
1. improved childhood nutrition
2. vaccination
3. exercise
4. better doctors
Your instructor had chicken pox in the 8th grade. It is safe to say that
1. his vaccination didn't work
2. he can never get chicken pox again
3. he has B-cells that can make antibodies against chicken pox
4. his mother never had chicken pox
Digestion of proteins begins at the site labeled
Digestion of carbohydrates begins at the site labeled
Digestion of fats begins at the site labeled
An acidic environment is provided for digestion in the organ labeled
Absorption of water takes place in the organ labeled
Substances that aid in the digestion of fats are produced by the organs labeled
1. 4 and 7
2. 1 and 2
3. 5 and 6
4. 2 and 3
The products of protein digestion are
1. simple sugars
2. amino acids
3. glycerol and fatty acids
4. nucleic acids
The products of carbohydrate digestion are
1. simple sugars
2. amino acids
3. glycerol and fatty acids
4. nucleic acids
The products of fat digestion are
1. simple sugars
2. amino acids
3. glycerol and fatty acids
4. nucleic acids
Skeletal muscle can be described as
1. striated
2. voluntary
3. smooth
4. cardiac
5. involuntary
Muscles lining the digestive tract move food through by a process known as peristalsis. These muscles can be described
1. striated
2. voluntary
3. smooth
4. cardiac
5. involuntary
Skeletal muscles work in antagonistic pairs known as
1. flexors and extensors
2. origin and insertion
3. smooth and striated
4. voluntary and involuntary
Muscles receive stimulus to contract from
1. brain cells
2. sensory neurons
3. motor neurons
4. hormones
The only enzyme that digests fat in humans in produced by the __________________ and is secreted into the _____________________.
1. pancreas / small intestine
2. liver / stomach
3. stomach / small intestine
4. thyroid / large intestine
The energy source for all muscle contraction is provided by the molecule
1. ATP
2. DNA
3. glucose
4. RNA
Red marrow produces
1. white blood cells
2. antibodies
3. red blood cells
4. fat
The purpose of yellow bone marrow is
1. red blood cell production
2. fat storage
3. white blood cell production
4. tendon attachment
Muscle groups known as flexors move a joint toward the body by ______________________; muscle groups known as extensors move a joint away from the body by __________________________.
1. contracting / contracting
2. contracting / extending
3. extending / contracting
4. extending / extending