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AP Chemistry Review Questions - Acids and Bases
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Identify the strong acid:
?
HF
?
HCO
3
-
?
HClO
4
?
H
2
O
?
HCN
Which of the following is not true for the dissociation of a strong acid?
?
K
a
is large
?
The equilibrium lies far to the left
?
The equilibrium lies far to the right
?
[H
+
] >> [HA]
?
The conjugate base will be weak
What is the pH of a 0.00350 M HNO
3
solution?
?
-2.456
?
2.456
?
1.01
?
6.78
?
4.90
Calculate the [H
+
] in a solution that has a pH of 8.38.
?
1.2 x 10
2
?
1.2 x 10
-2
?
3.8 x 10
-8
?
2.4 x 10
8
?
4.2 x 10
-9
At 25°C a solution has a [OH
-
] = 2.90 x 10
-2
. Calculate the pH of the solution.
?
12.462
?
1.538
?
-4.54
?
9.03
?
3.17
What are the conjugate bases in the following reaction?
H
2
SO
4
+ H
2
O → HSO
4
-
+ H
3
O
+
?
H
2
SO
4
and H
2
O
?
H
2
SO
4
and H
3
O
+
?
H
2
O and HSO
4
-
?
HSO
4
-
and H
3
O
+
?
H
2
SO
4
, H
2
O and HSO
4
-
Based upon the following values of
K
a
, place the acids in order from weakest to strongest:
HCN (
K
a
= 6.2 x 10
-10
)
HCOOH (
K
a
= 1.78 x 10
-4
)
HC
2
H
3
O
2
(
K
a
= 1.8 x 10
-5
)
HNO
2
(
K
a
= 4.6 x 10
-4
)
?
HC
2
H
3
O
2
< HCN → HNO
2
< HCOOH
?
HNO
2
< HCOOH < HC
2
H
3
O
2
< HCN
?
HCN < HNO
2
< HC
2
H
3
O
2
< HCOOH
?
HCOOH < HNO
2
< HCN < HC
2
H
3
O
2
?
HCN < HC
2
H
3
O
2
< HCOOH < HNO
2
The hydrogen halides are all polar molecules which form acidic solutions. Which of the following is the weakest acid?
?
HF
?
HCl
?
HBr
?
HI
The pH of a 0.500 M solution of KC
2
H
3
O
2
is:
?
greater than 7
?
less than 7
?
7
Calculate the pH of a 0.00175 M solution of KOH.
?
-2.757
?
7.892
?
2.757
?
11.243
?
12.7
The pH of a 0.150 M solution of an aqueous weak monoprotic acid is 4.10. Calculate
K
a
for the acid.
?
4.2 x 10
-8
?
7.9 x 10
-5
?
6.3 x 10
-9
?
2.3 x 10
-4
?
5.1 x 10
-2
If an acid, HA, is 15% dissociated in a 2.00 M solution, what is
K
a
for the acid?
?
7.5 x 10
-2
?
1.2 x 10
-2
?
1.1 x 10
-2
?
5.3 x 10
-2
?
6.4 10
-3
What concentration of HOCl (
K
a
= 3.5 x 10
-8
) has the same pH as that of 2.50 x 10
-4
M HNO
3
?
?
1.8 M
?
0.56 M
?
3.5 x 10
-2
M
?
6.8 x 10
-8
M
?
3.93 M
Calculate the [H
3
O
+
] of a 0.10 M solution of NH
4
Cl in H
2
O at 25°C (
K
b
for NH
3
= 1.8 x 10
-5
)
?
2.4 x 10
-5
?
5.6 x 10
-10
?
1.8 x 10
-5
?
7.5 x 10
-6
?
1.8 x 10
-6
Calculate the pH of a 0.0075 M solution of potasium oxide, K
2
O.
?
2.12
?
1.82
?
12.18
?
11.88
?
2.1
OK
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